公共外語是黑龍江專升本考生必考科目,大學英語的學習除了每日背單詞外還要掌握英語語法知識,才能保證順利做題,接下來好學校小編要給大家分享的是2023黑龍江專升本英語語法易錯知識點(1),請考生抽時間學習和掌握。
1:動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)
英語中有 16 種時態(tài),但較常用的有十種:一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,一般將來時,現(xiàn)在進行時,過去進行時,過去將來時,將來進行時,過去完成時,現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時。
主動形式
狀態(tài) 時間 |
現(xiàn)在 |
過去 |
將來 |
過去將來 |
一般 |
do |
did |
will/shall do |
should/would do |
進行 |
am/is/are doing |
was/were doing |
will/shall be doing |
/ |
完成 |
have/has done |
had done |
will/shall have done |
should/would have done |
完成進行時 |
have/has been doing |
had been doing |
/ |
/ |
被動形式(以give為例)
狀態(tài) 時間 |
現(xiàn)在 |
過去 |
將來 |
過去將來 |
一般 |
am/is/are given |
was/were given |
will/shall be given |
should/would be given |
進行 |
am/is/are being given |
was/were being given |
/ |
/ |
完成 |
have/has been given |
had been given |
will/shall have been given |
should/would have been given |
完成進行時 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
2:非謂語動詞
非謂語動詞 |
語態(tài) |
一般式 |
完成式 |
不定式 |
主動 |
to do |
to have done |
被動 |
to be done |
to have been done |
|
動詞-ing 形式 (動名詞&現(xiàn)在分詞) |
主動 |
doing |
having done |
被動 |
being done |
having been done |
|
動詞-ed 形式(過去分詞) |
? |
done |
? |
3:虛擬語氣
if 引導的非真實條件句
時間 |
if 條件從句的謂語動詞 |
主句的謂語動詞 ? |
與現(xiàn)在事實相反 |
動詞過去式(be 用 were 表示) |
should/would/could/might+動詞原形 |
與過去事實相反 |
had done |
should/would/could/might+have done ? |
與將來事實相反 |
動詞過去式(be 用 were 表示) 或 should do 或 were to+do ? |
should/would/could/might+動詞原形 |
4:主謂一致
(1):就近原則
謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定于最靠近它的詞語(主要指名詞)的單、復數(shù)形式。主要包括:there be 句型,還有連詞 or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but…等連接的并列成分。
(2):就遠原則
謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式取決于離它較遠的詞語的情況。主要是指主語后面有 with, together with, as well as, no less than, along with, like, rather than, but, except, including, in addition to 等短語+名詞時,謂語動詞不受這些短語的影響,仍然與主語保持一致。
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