專升本英語閱讀理解模擬試題及答案解析(9.15)

　　閱讀理解：

　　The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day. People, including many experts, find it difficult to slow down the process. However, leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future, according to a new study. That is to say, a third of oil reserves on the earth, half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before 2050. If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry out some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.

　　“Policymakers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible(互斥的) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal,” Dr. Christophe McGlade at University College London's Energy Institute said in a statement. “If they go ahead with developing their own resources,” he added, “they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.”

　　It's not surprising to see how tapping into these unused reserves would be attractive. Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world. There are many coal reserves in China, Russia and the United States, along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in the Middle East. Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic. Companies spent over $670 billion last year on the development of fossil fuels, but according to the new model used in this latest study, developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future.

　　“We've now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused if we try to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit,” added McGlade. World leaders and policymakers should take the advice to heart, because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great action is not taken soon, climate change will cause irreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的) impacts on the environment worldwide, leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in.

　　問題：

　　1. According to Paragraph 1, our goal is to .

　　A.discover more fossil fuels for the future generation

　　B.stop the climate change

　　C.refuse to use reserves on the earth

　　D.keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius

　　【參考答案】D

　　[考點]推理判斷題

　　【精析】D 根據(jù)第一段最后兩句“If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry out some measures…it is a goal…”可推知，我們的目標是采取措施使全球氣溫的上升控制在2攝氏度以內(nèi)。故選D。

　　2.The underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1 refers to .

　　A.things that are sent out into the air

　　B.products that are made from fossil fuels

　　C.factors that stop the climate change

　　D.changes that happen after the temperatures rise

　　【參考答案】A

　　[考點]詞語理解題

　　【精析】A 根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“…we ought to carry out some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking.”可知，emissions指的是工廠、機動車輛，甚至是家庭廚灶排放的廢氣。故選A。

　　3.According to what McGlade said in Paragraph 2, all countries should .

　　A.make full use of their fossil fuels

　　B.work together towards the 2-degree goal

　　C.find better ways to dig out the coal

　　D.increase the global carbon budget

　　【參考答案】B

　　[考點]推理判斷題

　　【精析】B 根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可推知，McGlade認為，如果一個國家想繼續(xù)開發(fā)自己的資源，就必須要求不燃燒在其他地方的某種資源，以便碳排放量不會超過預(yù)算的限度。由此可推知，要想實現(xiàn)“2攝氏度”的目標，各個國家必須通力合作，所以B項正確。其他三個選項均與第二段內(nèi)容不符。故選B。

　　4. We can infer from Paragraph 3 that great efforts have been made in .

　　A.digging out the oil in the Middle East

　　B.getting people to rethink their fuel plans

　　C.developing fossil fuels

　　D.developing energy-related industry worldwide

　　【參考答案】C

　　[考點]推理判斷題

　　【精析】C 根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Companies spent over $670 billion last year on the development of fossil fuels…”可知，去年一些公司在化石燃料的開發(fā)上投入了超過6700億美元。由此可推知，人們在開發(fā)化石燃料方面付出了巨大的努力。故選C。

　　5.What is the author's attitude towards the future of temperature control?

　　A.Confident.

　　B.Negative.

　　C.Satisfied.

　　D.Positive.

　　【參考答案】B

　　[考點]觀點態(tài)度題

　　【精析】B 根據(jù)第一段最后一句“However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.”可知，將全球氣溫上升控制在2攝氏度以內(nèi)這一目標似乎是難以實現(xiàn)的。由此可推知，作者對氣溫控制的未來持消極態(tài)度。